Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Cera Alba terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Sediaan Salep Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis)

Rufaidah Azzahrah; Sitti Hartina; Nurul Izzah H. L. Pasi; Elfira Buamona

doi:10.59680/ventilator.v4i2.2437

Authors

Rufaidah Azzahrah Universitas Khairun
Sitti Hartina Universitas Khairun
Nurul Izzah H. L. Pasi Universitas Khairun
Elfira Buamona Universitas Khairun

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59680/ventilator.v4i2.2437

Keywords:

Camellia Sinensis, Cera Alba, Green Tea Extract, Ointment, Elfira Buamona

Abstract

This study was conducted in response to the increasing use of natural ingredients in topical formulations, particularly green tea extract (Camellia sinensis L.), which is known for its antioxidant activity and potential in skin care applications. The selection of an appropriate base, including the use of cera alba, plays an important role in determining the physical characteristics of the formulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of variations in cera alba concentration on the physical characteristics of green tea extract ointment. The method involved preparing several ointment formulations with different concentrations of cera alba, followed by physical evaluations including organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and adhesion. The results showed that all formulations met the requirements for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, and adhesion, but did not meet the standard for spreadability. An increase in cera alba concentration tended to increase the viscosity of the formulation, resulting in decreased spreadability but improved adhesion. These findings indicate that cera alba plays a significant role in determining the physical characteristics of ointment formulations, and further optimization is needed to achieve an ideal formulation with balanced properties and potential for development as a natural-based topical product.

References

Adiba, I. F., Prendika, W., Rafly, M., & Haryanto, P. (2026). Evaluation of the functional properties of edible sago starch-based coatings using chemical parameters for instant seasoning packaging applications.

Arinata, K. T., Sudira, W., Samsuri, S., Merdana, M., & Dharmayudha, A. A. G. O. (2025). Evaluasi salep simplisia daun kembang sepatu yang memiliki potensi terhadap pertumbuhan rambut. Majalah Farmasetika, 10(2), 122–132. https://doi.org/10.24198/mfarmasetika.v10i2.59421

Auliafendri, N., & Gee, A. K. D. N. (2023). Uji karakteristik sediaan salep ekstrak etanol daun sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens). INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi, 2(5), 980–988. https://doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v2i5.2763

Azzahrah, R., Rosita, N., Purwanto, D. A., & Soeratri, W. (2022). The effect of decyl glucoside on stability and irritability of nanostructured lipid carriers-green tea extract as topical preparations. Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 9(3), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v9i32022.220-228

Badia, E., Yodha, A. W. M., Musdalipah, Nohong, Sahidin, & Asril. (2022). Formulasi sediaan salep ekstrak batang Meistera chinensis. Warta Farmasi, 11(2), 19–28. https://doi.org/10.46356/wfarmasi.v8i1

Dari, R. W., Febriani, R., Saputri, E. A., Astuti, R. D., & Taswin, M. (2024). Formulasi dan evaluasi face balm stick dari ekstrak daun sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida) dengan variasi lanolin dan cera alba sebagai pembentuk massa. JPP (Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Palembang), 19(2), 172–177. https://doi.org/10.36086/jpp.v19i2.2672

Djarami, J., Pelu, A. D., & Karubaba, D. S. (2020). Formulasi sediaan salep ekstrak etanol daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) dengan variasi konsentrasi basis hidrokarbon. Jurnal Fisioterapi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Sisthana, 2(1).

Ermawati, D. E., & Putri, A. A. (2022). Pengaruh kecepatan pencampuran terhadap sifat fisik lotion nanoemulsi kombinasi ekstrak etanol kulit buah pisang dan daun teh hijau. Majalah Farmaseutik, 18(2), 122–132. https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v18i2.59209

Hikmah, S. N., Mukti, Y. A., & Santoso, B. I. (2026). Formulasi sediaan salep ekstrak etanol daun jambu biji (Guajava linn.) untuk pengobatan luka bakar dengan konsentrasi basis hidrokarbon. Health Research Journal of Indonesia, 4, 169–173.

Koswara, S., Sayyidah, Susanti, D., Syururi, G., & Rahmah, A. (2025). Uji efektivitas sediaan salep antifungi terhadap Trichophyton rubrum dari ekstrak tanaman sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida). Prosiding SEMLITMAS, 2(1), 232–244.

Kurniawan, I., Purnama, R. C., & Octonariz, V. Z. (2025). Evaluation of the formulation of salve preparations of kenikir leaf extract (Cosmos caudatus) with variations of salve base. Jurnal Analis Farmasi, 10(2), 172–184.

Laut, M. M., Ngindang, T. P., & Novian, D. R. (2025). Formulasi dan evaluasi sediaan salep ekstrak etanol daun semak bunga putih (Chromolaena odorata) sebagai alternatif terapi topikal untuk penyembuhan luka. Jurnal Kajian Veteriner, 13(1), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.35508/jkv.v13i1.11543

Marcelina, I., Turahman, T., & Harmastuti, N. (2023). Formulation and test of antioxidant activity of lotion of green tea leaf extract with DPPH method. PHARMASIPHA: Pharmaceutical Journal of Islamic Pharmacy, 7(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.21111/pharmasipha.v7i1

Mutaharah, S., Noval, N., & Yuwindry, I. (2024). Perbandingan konsentrasi adeps lanae, cera alba, dan vaselin album pada basis sediaan krim ekstrak sarang burung walet (Aerodramus fuciphagus). Jurnal Surya Medika, 10(2), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v10i2.7721

Mutia, I., Hamdani, I., & Andila, Y. (2025). Efektivitas uji salep ekstrak daun kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) dibandingkan salep mupirocin 2% terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus putih jantan. Pandu Husada, 6(4), 58–73. https://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/JPH

Nabila, T., Enjelia, T., Adelia, V., Fahrensia, V., Puspa, V., Effendy, V. P. A. P., et al. (2025). Formulasi salep berbasis bahan alam untuk pengobatan topikal. Medic Nutricia: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 20(4). https://doi.org/10.5455/mnj.v1i2.644

NurKhotimah, F., Ahwan, & Qonitah, F. (2024). Uji sun protecting factor (SPF) formulasi ekstrak daun teh hijau sebagai krim tabir surya. FST: Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Kesehatan, 2(1), 36–47. https://jurnalkes.com/index.php/jfst/index

Pebrianti, F., & Balqis, U. M. (2025). The relationship between using green tea in preventing skin aging: A literature review. Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(1), 42–46. https://doi.org/10.63323/jkes.v14i01.209

Putri, I. P., & Devi, S. (2025). Pengaruh perbedaan kombinasi basis hidrokarbon terhadap karakteristik fisik sediaan salep ekstrak etanolik daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia). Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, 4(2), 1.

Rahmawati, E., Rohmah, H., Mayangsari, F. D., & Utami, R. P. (2023). The effect of cera alba concentration on physical characteristics and preference level of aromatherapy stick balm. Medical Sains: Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian, 8(1), 135–142.

Ramadhani, A., & Nurwaini, S. (2023). Optimasi komposisi cera alba dan vaselinum album dalam sediaan krim kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Jurnal Farmasi Klinik dan Sains, 3(2), 44–57.

Retnowati, E., Hasanatin, S., & Setyaningsih, D. (2023). Formulasi salep ekstrak etanol daun cocor bebek (Kalanchoe pinnata) dengan basis cera dan vaselin album. 7(2). https://doi.org/10.21111/pharmasipha.v7i2

Salsabila, L. S., Shafira, I., Azhar, M. A., Ryanti, G. A. S., Aurelia, R., & Sitorus, M. A. H. (2023). Formulasi dan evaluasi balsam aromaterapi menggunakan minyak lemon dengan cera alba sebagai stabilizing agent. Indonesian Journal of Health Science, 3(2), 155–160.

Santi, T. D., & Candra, A. (2023). Phytochemical screening and ointment characteristics of Averrhoa bilimbi leaf. Jurnal Biologi Makassar, 8(1), 23–31. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/bioma

Stiyani, R. I., Mutripah, S., Rahayu, N. R., & Alfiza, I. S. (2025). Formulation and evaluation of hydrocarbon ointment from ethanol extract of red tender leaves (Syzygium myrtifolium). Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy, 3(1), 8–14.

Unique, I. G. A. N. P., Tiari, I. A. P. M., & Buana, K. D. M. (2024). Formulasi sediaan balsam ekstrak rimpang jahe putih (Zingiber officinale) dengan variasi konsentrasi cera alba sebagai stabilizing agent. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 10(2), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v10i2.9644

Wairara, A., Manitori, O., & Fakaubun, S. (2025). Formulasi salep luka berbahan dasar ekstrak biji pinang (Areca catechu), minyak kelapa, shea butter, dan minyak esensial. Prosiding Ilmu Kependidikan, 2(2), 11–18.