Analisis Retrospektif Pemanfaatan Hemodialisis pada Awal Implementasi Kebijakan JKN di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59680/ventilator.v4i2.2527Keywords:
BPJS Health, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Health Service Accessibility, Hemodialysis Utilization, National Health Insurance (JKN)Abstract
It has been more than a decade since the initial National Health Insurance (JKN) policy was enacted by the government, and as of 2026, chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains among the top five countries with the highest catastrophic costs, with the number continuing to increase annually. According to 2023 data, 38.71% of patients with kidney failure underwent hemodialysis therapy. Health service utilization is a critical issue that requires attention in achieving health system goals. This can be achieved if health services are distributed according to geography, socioeconomic status, and community needs. Objective: To analyze and describe hemodialysis utilization in the early phase of JKN implementation based on BPJS Kesehatan data. This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2015-2016 BPJS Kesehatan sample. The variables used were individual characteristics (age, gender, type of membership) and region. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using chi-square analysis, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression.The analysis showed that hemodialysis utilization among BPJS Kesehatan patients in 2015-2016 was influenced by gender, age, membership type, and region. Multivariate analysis showed that women were more likely to utilize hemodialysis, with an OR of 1.25 compared to men aged >64 years (OR=3.50). Those with PBPU membership and residing in Java were 4.36 times more likely to utilize hemodialysis. Hemodialysis utilization is influenced by participant characteristics and geographic location. These findings provide important historical empirical evidence for further policymaking and the formulation of preventive strategies.
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