Hubungan Kadar HBA1C terhadap Tingkat Sensitivitas Kaki pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Botania Tahun 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59680/ventilator.v4i1.2441Keywords:
Diabetic Neuropathy, Foot Sensitivity, Glycemic Control, HbA1c, Type 2 Diabetes MellitusAbstract
Foot sensitivity is a response to stimulation in the plantar area of the foot that may be impaired due to diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This condition occurs as a result of persistent and prolonged hyperglycemia, which increases the risk of foot ulcers and even amputation. One of the important indicators used to assess long-term glycemic control is HbA1c level, which plays a role in the development of diabetic complications. This study used an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 33 respondents selected using the accidental sampling technique. HbA1c data were obtained from medical records, while foot sensitivity levels were assessed using the monofilament test. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The results showed that patients with target HbA1c levels had normal foot sensitivity in 94.7% of cases, while only 5.3% experienced decreased sensitivity. In contrast, among patients whose HbA1c levels did not reach the target, 35.7% experienced decreased foot sensitivity. The Chi-Square test indicated a significant relationship between HbA1c levels and foot sensitivity, as evidenced by a p-value of 0.025. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between HbA1c levels and foot sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Botania Public Health Center in 2025.
References
Aninditha, T. (2022). Buku ajar neurologi (S. Harris & W. Wiratman, Eds.; 2nd ed., Vol. 2). Departemen Neurologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.
Billa, M. S., Sulistiawan, A., & Subandi, A. (2023). Hubungan kontrol glikemik dan lama menderita diabetes dengan kejadian neuropati perifer diabetik di Rumah Sakit DR. Bratanata Kota Jambi. MAHESA: Malahayati Health Student Journal, 3(6), 1558–1569. https://doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v3i6.10443
Care, D., & Suppl, S. S. (2024a). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: Standards of care in diabetes—2025. Diabetes Care, 48(January), S27–S49. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc25-S002
Cefalu, W. T. (2017). American Diabetes Association standards of medical care in diabetes—2017.
Chattopadhyay, S., Goswami, S., Sengupta, N., & Baidya, A. (2024). Can the 128-Hz tuning fork be an alternative to the biothesiometer for diabetic peripheral neuropathy screening? A cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in East India. BMJ Open, 14(6). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083407
Dahrizal, Idramsyah, & Revalina. (2023). Metode monofilamen test dan Ipswich touch test (IPTT) untuk deteksi neuropati sensorik diabetes. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING), 5(2), 153–164. https://doi.org/10.31539/joting.v5i2.8488
Djafar, R. H., & Sarwan. (2023). Pengaruh senam kaki diabetes terhadap sensitivitas kaki penderita DM tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Talawaan. Jurnal Anestesi: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran, 1(1), 56–61.
Evans, J. (2025). Batasan baru dalam pengelolaan penyakit saraf terkait diabetes. International Diabetes Federation.
Eyth, E., Zubair, M., & N. R. (2025). Hemoglobin A1c. StatPearls Publishing.
Fisher, S., Gray, H., Kelsall, N., Lowes, D., & Jonker, L. (2024a). Pin-prick (Medipin) assessment for neuropathy in diabetes: Prospective screening study in primary care. Primary Care Diabetes, 18(6), 612–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2024.10.003
Hall, E. J. (2021). Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology (E. M. Hall, Ed.; 14th ed.). Elsevier.
Harrison, T. R. (2022). Principles of internal medicine (F. K. H. L. J. Loscalzo J., Ed.; 21st ed., Vol. 1). McGraw-Hill.
Jenewa, S. (2024). Over 1 in 3 people affected by neurological conditions, the leading cause of illness and disability worldwide. World Health Organization.
Kemenkes. (2020). Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia: Pedoman nasional pelayanan kedokteran tatalaksana diabetes melitus tipe 2 dewasa (Vol. 2507, February, pp. 1–9).
Labib Bima, M. M., Rahmayani, F., & Mutiara, H. (2023). Diagnostik, faktor risiko, dan tatalaksana neuropati diabetik. Medula, 13.
Liu, J., Yuan, X., Liu, J., Yuan, G., Sun, Y., Zhang, D., Qi, X., Li, H., Zhang, J., Wen, B., & Guo, X. (2022). Risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, peripheral artery disease, and foot deformity among the population with diabetes in Beijing, China: A multicenter, cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.824215
Made Ari Putra Astawa, I., Intan Permatahati Wiguna, N., Ketut Susila, I., Studi Kedokteran, P., Kedokteran, F., Pendidikan Ganesha, U., & Author, C. (2023). Systematic literature review: Faktor resiko neuropati perifer pada penderita diabetes melitus.
Made, I., Harsa, S., Putu, N., & Mulyasari, I. (2023). Studi literatur hubungan antara lamanya menderita diabetes mellitus dengan terjadinya neuropati diabetik. Seminar Nasional Cosmic Kedokteran.
Mandali, P. K., Prabakaran, A., Annadurai, K., & Krishnan, U. M. (2023). Trends in quantification of HbA1c using electrochemical and point-of-care analyzers. Sensors, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042045
Notoatmodjo, S. (2018). Metodologi penelitian kesehatan. PT Rineka Cipta.
Nurjannah, N., Saputra, B., & Erianti, S. (2023). Gambaran derajat keparahan neuropati perifer pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Jurnal Prima Medika Sains, 5(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.34012/jpms.v5i1.3562
Papanas, N., & Ziegler, D. (2015). Risk factors and comorbidities in diabetic neuropathy: An update 2015. https://doi.org/10.1900/RDS.2015.12.48
PERKENI. (2021). Pedoman pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dewasa di Indonesia.
PERKENI. (2024). Pedoman pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia 2024. Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia.
Pop-Busui, R., Boulton, A. J. M., Feldman, E. L., Bril, V., Freeman, R., Malik, R. A., Sosenko, J. M., & Ziegler, D. (2017a). Diabetic neuropathy: A position statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care, 40(1), 136–154. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2042
Purbasari, B., Anggraini, V. L., Pratiwi, M. D., Husna, M., & Kurniawan, S. N. (2018). Diagnostic test of Toronto and modified Toronto scoring, monofilament test, and vibrate sensation test using 128 Hz tuning fork for diabetic polineuropathy. MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal), 4(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.mnj.2018.004.01.5
Rachman, A., Made, I., & Dwipayana, P. (2020). Prevalensi dan hubungan antara kontrol glikemik dengan diabetik neuropati perifer pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe II di RSUP Sanglah. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 9.
Rasyid, A. N., Yulanda, N. A., Fauzan, S., & Keperawatan, P. (n.d.). Perawatan kaki terhadap perubahan uji sensitivitas kaki pada penderita DM tipe 2 (Foot care on the peripheral neuropathy sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients in Southern Pontianak Public Health Center).
Sanjaya, P. B., Yanti, N. L. P. E., & Puspita, L. M. (2019). Pengaruh senam kaki diabetik terhadap sensitivitas kaki pada pasien DM tipe 2. Community of Publishing in Nursing (COPING), 7(2), 97–102. https://doi.org/10.37831/jik.v7i2.173
Setiati, S. (2014). Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam (I. Alwi, A. W. Sudoyo, M. Simadibrata K., B. Setiyonadi, & A. F. Syam, Eds., Vol. II). InternaPublishing.
Sherwood, L. (2019). Fisiologi manusia: Dari sel ke sistem (H. H. Mandera I. Lydia, Ed.; 9th ed.). Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
SKI. (2023). Indonesian health survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia) 2023 (pp. 1–68). Ministry of Health.
Sri Rahmi, A., Syafrita, Y., & Susanti, R. (2022). Hubungan lama menderita DM tipe 2 dengan kejadian neuropati diabetik. Jurnal JMJ, 10(1), 20–25.
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Sutopo, Ed.). Alfabeta.
WHO. (2024). Diabetes. WHO.
Widiasari, K. R., Wijaya, I. M. K., & Suputra, P. A. (2021a). Diabetes melitus tipe 2: Faktor risiko, diagnosis, dan tatalaksana. Ganesha Medicine, 1(2), 114. https://doi.org/10.23887/gm.v1i2.40006
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Luis Yulia, Kasih Purwati, Fitria Afriliani Kurniawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Penulis yang mempublikasikan manuskrip mereka di Jurnal Ventilator, setuju dengan ketentuan berikut:
- Penulis mempertahankan hak cipta (author copyright holder) dan memberikan hak publikasi pertama kepada jurnal dengan karya yang dilisensikan di bawah Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, yang memungkinkan orang lain untuk membagikan karya tersebut dengan pengakuan atas kepenulisan dan publikasi awalnya di jurnal ini.
- Penulis dapat melakukan perjanjian kontraktual terpisah tambahan untuk distribusi non-eksklusif dari versi yang diterbitkan oleh jurnal (misalnya, mengunggahnya ke repositori institusional atau mempublikasikannya dalam buku), dengan pengakuan atas publikasi awalnya di jurnal ini.
- Penulis diperbolehkan dan dianjurkan untuk mengunggah karya mereka secara daring (misalnya, di repositori institusional atau di situs web mereka) sebelum dan selama proses pengajuan, karena ini dapat menghasilkan pertukaran yang produktif, serta sitasi yang lebih cepat dan lebih besar dari karya yang dipublikasikan.
