Integrasi Intervensi Gizi, Digital Health, dan Pemberdayaan Komunitas dalam Penurunan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil
Studi Longitudinal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59680/ventilator.v4i1.2439Keywords:
Community Empowerment, Digital Health, Maternal Anemia, Nutritional Intervention, Pregnant WomenAbstract
Anemia in pregnant women is a significant global health problem with a prevalence of 36.5% in Indonesia, exceeding the WHO threshold of 20%. This condition increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, premature birth, low birth weight (BBLR), and maternal and neonatal mortality. The single-intervention approach is considered less effective because the factors that cause anemia are multidimensional. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of an integrated approach that combines local food-based nutrition interventions, the use of digital health technology, and community empowerment through health cadres in reducing the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Makassar City. This study used a quasi-experimental longitudinal design for 12 months involving 240 first-trimester pregnant women who were divided into intervention (n=120) and control (n=120) groups. Variables measured included hemoglobin (Hb) levels, serum ferritin, iron intake, adherence to supplement consumption, and health empowerment scores. Data analysis was carried out using paired t-test, ANCOVA, and multiple linear regression. Results showed that the intervention group experienced a significant increase in Hb levels from 10.2 g/dL to 12.1 g/dL (p<0.001), compared to the control group from 10.3 g/dL to 11.0 g/dL (p=0.032). The prevalence of anemia in the intervention group decreased from 78.3% to 20.0%, while in the control group from 77.5% to 55.0%. Supplement consumption adherence was higher in the intervention group (87.4%) than in the control group (54.2%). The integrated approach has proven to be more effective in reducing the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women and has the potential to be adapted as a national strategy.
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