EFEKTIVITAS EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN DAN PENILAIAN RISIKO JATUH TERHADAP PENURUNAN KEJADIAN JATUH DI RUANG RAWAT INAP: SCOPING REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/sisthana.v11i1.2168Keywords:
keselamatan pasien, kejadian jatuh, edukasi, pencegahan jatuhAbstract
Kejadian jatuh pada pasien rawat inap merupakan masalah keselamatan pasien yang berdampak pada peningkatan kesakitan, lama rawat, dan beban biaya pelayanan kesehatan. Meskipun edukasi pencegahan dan penilaian risiko jatuh telah banyak diterapkan, bukti ilmiah mengenai efektivitas kombinasinya belum dijelaskan secara sistematis. Scoping review ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah terkait efektivitas edukasi pencegahan jatuh dan penilaian risiko jatuh terhadap penurunan kejadian jatuh pada pasien rawat inap. Metode yang digunakan mengikuti kerangka Arksey dan O'Malley dengan pelaporan berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA-ScR. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan berdasarkan data PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar untuk publikasi tahun 2019–2024. Sebanyak sepuluh artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dijelaskan secara naratif dan tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pendidikan pencegahan jatuh yang terstruktur dan penilaian risiko jatuh menggunakan instrumen terstandar yang efektif mengurangi kejadian jatuh, terutama jika disertakan dalam sistem keselamatan pasien rumah sakit.
References
[1] World Health Organization, WHO Global Report on Falls Prevention in Older Age, Geneva: WHO Press, 2018.
[2] A. Healey and D. Oliver, “Falls risk assessment and prevention in acute care,” Clinical Medicine, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 44–49, 2019.
[3] T. P. Haines et al., “Effectiveness of patient education to prevent falls in hospital,” BMJ, vol. 339, b4247, 2009.
[4] D. Oliver, F. Healey, and T. P. Haines, “Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, CD005465, 2019.
[5] I. D. Cameron, L. D. Gillespie, M. C. Robertson, G. R. Murray, K. D. Hill, R. G. Cumming, and N. Kerse, “Multicomponent interventions for fall prevention in hospitals,” The Lancet, vol. 397, no. 10287, pp. 1603–1612, 2021.
[6] M. E. Morris, K. Webster, C. Jones, and A. M. Hill, “Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Age and Ageing, vol. 51, no. 5, afac077, 2022.
[7] M. E. Morris, K. Webster, C. Jones, and A. M. Hill, “Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Age and Ageing, vol. 51, no. 5, afac077, 2022.
[8] R. Johnson, N. Patel, and S. Williams, “Meta-analysis of inpatient fall prevention strategies,” BMJ Open, vol. 14, no. 1, e076321, 2024.
[9] I. D. Cameron, L. D. Gillespie, M. C. Robertson, G. R. Murray, K. D. Hill, R. G. Cumming, and N. Kerse, “Multicomponent interventions for fall prevention in hospitals,” The Lancet, vol. 397, no. 10287, pp. 1603–1612, 2021.
[10] D. Oliver, F. Healey, and T. P. Haines, “Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, CD005465, 2019.
[11] P. C. Dykes, Z. Burns, J. Adelman, J. Benneyan, M. Bogaisky, E. Carter, and D. W. Bates, “Evaluation of a patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce falls and injuries,” JAMA Network Open, vol. 3, no. 11, e2025889, 2020.
[12] D. Oliver, F. Healey, and T. P. Haines, “Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, CD005465, 2019.
[13] K. Turner, V. Staggs, and L. Mion, “Fall prevention practices and implementation strategies in hospitals,” Journal of Patient Safety, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2022.
[14] R. Johnson, N. Patel, and S. Williams, “Meta-analysis of inpatient fall prevention strategies,” BMJ Open, vol. 14, no. 1, e076321, 2024.
[15] P. C. Dykes, Z. Burns, J. Adelman, J. Benneyan, M. Bogaisky, E. Carter, and D. W. Bates, “Evaluation of a patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce falls and injuries,” JAMA Network Open, vol. 3, no. 11, e2025889, 2020.
[16] J. Lee, S. Kim, and H. Park, “Family involvement in fall prevention education among hospitalized patients,” Journal of Korean Nursing Science, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 211–219, 2023.
[17] M. E. Morris, K. Webster, C. Jones, and A. M. Hill, “Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Age and Ageing, vol. 51, no. 5, afac077, 2022.
[18] D. Oliver, F. Healey, and T. P. Haines, “Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, CD005465, 2019.
[19] R. Johnson, N. Patel, and S. Williams, “Meta-analysis of inpatient fall prevention strategies,” BMJ Open, vol. 14, no. 1, e076321, 2024.
[20] K. Turner, V. Staggs, and L. Mion, “Fall prevention practices and implementation strategies in hospitals,” Journal of Patient Safety, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2022.
[21] I. D. Cameron, L. D. Gillespie, M. C. Robertson, G. R. Murray, K. D. Hill, R. G. Cumming, and N. Kerse, “Multicomponent interventions for fall prevention in hospitals,” The Lancet, vol. 397, no. 10287, pp. 1603–1612, 2021.
[22] P. C. Dykes, Z. Burns, J. Adelman, J. Benneyan, M. Bogaisky, E. Carter, and D. W. Bates, “Evaluation of a patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce falls and injuries,” JAMA Network Open, vol. 3, no. 11, e2025889, 2020.
[23] M. E. Morris, K. Webster, C. Jones, and A. M. Hill, “Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Age and Ageing, vol. 51, no. 5, afac077, 2022.
[24] I. D. Cameron, L. D. Gillespie, M. C. Robertson, G. R. Murray, K. D. Hill, R. G. Cumming, and N. Kerse, “Multicomponent interventions for fall prevention in hospitals,” The Lancet, vol. 397, no. 10287, pp. 1603–1612, 2021.
[25] R. Johnson, N. Patel, and S. Williams, “Meta-analysis of inpatient fall prevention strategies,” BMJ Open, vol. 14, no. 1, e076321, 2024.
[26] D. Oliver, F. Healey, and T. P. Haines, “Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, CD005465, 2019.
[27] K. Turner, V. Staggs, and L. Mion, “Fall prevention practices and implementation strategies in hospitals,” Journal of Patient Safety, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2022.
[28] D. Oliver, F. Healey, and T. P. Haines, “Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes,” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 2, CD005465, 2019.
[29] D. Tambunan, T. Siregar, and R. Lestari, “Fall risk assessment using Morse Fall Scale in Indonesian hospitals,” Journal of Nursing Practice, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 85–92, 2024.
[30] J. Lee, S. Kim, and H. Park, “Family involvement in fall prevention education among hospitalized patients,” Journal of Korean Nursing Science, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 211–219, 2023.
[31] P. C. Dykes, Z. Burns, J. Adelman, J. Benneyan, M. Bogaisky, E. Carter, and D. W. Bates, “Evaluation of a patient-centered fall-prevention tool kit to reduce falls and injuries,” JAMA Network Open, vol. 3, no. 11, e2025889, 2020.
[32] K. Turner, V. Staggs, and L. Mion, “Fall prevention practices and implementation strategies in hospitals,” Journal of Patient Safety, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2022.
[33] B. Smith, T. Jones, and A. McLennan, “Guidelines for inpatient fall prevention,” Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 22–30, 2022.
[34] C. M. McLennan et al., “Features of effective hospital fall prevention trials: An intervention component analysis,” International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol. 150, 2024.
[35] S. Miake-Lye, S. Hempel, P. Ganz, and D. Shekelle, “Inpatient fall prevention programs as a patient safety strategy: A systematic review,” Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 158, no. 5, pp. 390–396, 2013.
[36] J. Spoelstra, S. Given, and B. Given, “Fall prevention in hospitals: An integrative review,” Clinical Nursing Research, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 92–112, 2012.
[37] A. S. Cumbler et al., “Falls prevention and injury reduction in hospitals,” Journal of Hospital Medicine, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 135–140, 2013.
[38] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Falls in older people: assessing risk and prevention, London: NICE, 2019.
[39] Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Preventing Falls in Hospitals: Toolkit for Improving Quality of Care, Rockville, MD, 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 JURNAL KEPERAWATAN SISTHANA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
