Dampak Hipertensi terhadap Peningkatan Risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59680/anestesi.v4i2.2625Keywords:
Atherosclerosis, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Risk, Coronary Heart Disease.Abstract
Hypertension is one of the main risk factors contributing to the increase in coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence worldwide. Persistent high blood pressure can damage blood vessel walls and accelerate the process of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries, resulting in impaired blood flow to the heart muscle. This study aims to analyze the impact of hypertension on the increased risk of coronary heart disease through a literature review approach. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method using secondary data obtained from national and international scientific journals, research articles, and health reports published between 2020 and 2026. Data collection was conducted through literature searches using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect with keywords including hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular risk factors. The analysis process involved identifying, reviewing, and comparing previous research findings related to hypertension and CHD. The results of the study indicate that hypertension has a significant relationship with the incidence of coronary heart disease. Hypertension contributes to endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, plaque formation, and narrowing of coronary arteries, thereby increasing the risk of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular complications. Several studies also revealed that unhealthy lifestyles, such as smoking, lack of physical activity, high salt consumption, obesity, and stress, further worsen hypertension and increase the risk of CHD. Therefore, proper blood pressure control through medical therapy, healthy lifestyle modifications, regular exercise, and routine health examinations is essential to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and improve public health outcomes.
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