Penerapan Posisi Head of Bed 30-45º untuk Meningkatkan Saturasi Oksigen pada Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5 Post Gagal Napas di Ruang ICU

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Stage 5 represents the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease, characterized by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <15 ml/min/1.73 m². This condition may lead to various systemic complications, including respiratory impairment due to fluid overload, which can increase the risk of respiratory failure and decreased oxygen saturation. One non-pharmacological intervention based on Evidence-Based Nursing that can be applied to support respiratory function is the implementation of the Head of Bed (HOB) elevation at 30–45°. This case study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of HOB elevation at  in improving oxygen saturation among patients with CKD Stage 5 and a history of respiratory failure admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study employed a descriptive case study design using the nursing process approach, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation, conducted over 3 × 8-hour periods in a single patient. Data collection was performed through family interviews, physical examinations, clinical observations,